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Myths about COVID-19 that persist among Bay Area youth

Myths about COVID-19 that persist among Bay Area youth
Mateo Diaz-Magaloni and Ben Fry with Peninsula 360 Press interviewed several teens and young adults in the Bay Area to see how myths about COVID-19 have affected young people's perception of the vaccine and rumors about its effects. Photo: P360P

By Mateo Diaz-Magaloni and Ben Fry

Although masks have come off, mandates have been lifted, and lives are starting to return to normal, there are still lingering fears and myths about COVID-19. One of the most widespread myths is about the COVID-19 vaccine. Mateo Diaz-Magaloni and Ben Fry with Peninsula 360 Press interviewed several teens and young adults in the Bay Area to see how these myths have affected young people’s perception of the vaccine and rumors about its effects.

During the first distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine, logging into various social media sites made it easy to find information about the vaccine. Several “influencers» and individuals shared their opinions about the vaccine on Instagram and Twitter. Some of this led to misinformation being spread on the platform, with myths about the vaccine becoming a widespread problem on social media.

This misinformation was considered dangerous as it spread unnecessary fear. For this reason, Instagram found it beneficial to provide a COVID-19 fact-checking service on posts related to the topic, while Twitter kept an eye on accounts that sought to spread myths.

This is important because even before COVID-19, misinformation, especially in politically charged messages, was found to spread at an even higher rate than truthful information (Langin 2018).

While Instagram has maintained its fact-checking capabilities, placing a flag on posts that spread falsehoods, Twitter has stopped monitoring accounts and even restored some that spread vaccine myths after the recent acquisition of Elon MuskGiven how social media has spread myths about the vaccine, what have people heard, how did they hear it, and why does it matter?

When we asked young people why they got vaccinated, the top reason they gave was that it was to protect their families. Most did so because of their family values, even if they had varying levels of confidence in its effectiveness. One senior at Palo Alto High School said, “I got vaccinated as soon as I could, with boosters too, I did it because everyone around me did and it was important to my parents.”

Additionally, when asked if they were afraid of the vaccine, one Mountain View resident stated that they were “more afraid of getting COVID… than they were afraid of the vaccine itself.” This is not the same experience that everyone has regarding the vaccine.

When speaking with a Mountain View High School sophomore, they said they were afraid of the effects of the vaccine. They explained that a lot of these fears came from their friends and what they were told. They noted that many of their friends did not get vaccinated due to fears, however, they chose to go against those fears because it was important for their families.

Myths about COVID-19 that persist among Bay Area youth
During the interviews, young people expressed that their fears about the COVID-19 vaccine came from what their friends told them, however, in many cases it was family values that helped them face these fears. Photo: P360P

The same interviewee explained that this fear came from the belief that there was “a chip that they put in you so the government can spy on you.” This belief was corroborated by a senior at Palo Alto High School who also claimed to have the same belief, about microchips in the vaccine. We asked where they had heard these myths and both responded that they originated through social media platforms such as TikTok, Twitter, and Instagram.

The second major myth with the COVID-19 vaccine was the belief that after being vaccinated you can develop autism. One Stanford student we interviewed explained that he had heard through social media that getting the vaccine would cause autism. They say spreading myths about autism is harmful to people on the autism spectrum.

Both myths seem to be widespread, despite different stances, with some considering them as jokes and others with a sense of fear regarding them. Despite the feeling that these myths are more like jokes, they are dangerous as they create fears about the vaccine and unnecessary stigma towards others.

The overwhelming consensus from our interviewees was that the spread of false information does have a detrimental impact on the safety, trust, and transparency of their communities. Given that young people today spend a significant amount of time on social media and are heavily influenced by their peers, it stands to reason that those in the Bay Area who are surrounded by friends who believe these falsehoods are more likely to accept them as truth.

For example, when we asked our participants about their beliefs in vaccine myths, they all expressed skepticism towards such claims. Interestingly, that individual was part of a social circle where most people were unvaccinated. It is crucial for young people today to be able to discern fake news and navigate social media without blindly believing everything they come across.

With the increasing use of social media, more and more people are making use of sites like Twitter and Instagram to stay up to date. The problem is that the rates of myths and misinformation being spread on these platforms are alarmingly high. While some people can discern fact from falsehood, the spread of misinformation is still dangerous as seen with COVID-19.

The spread of these myths represents a great danger to our society as it creates fear and mistrust. This point was excellently made by one interviewee who said: “The spread of myths gives rise to fear where there need be no fear.” It is essential to eradicate these myths and provide only the truth when there are many doubts and questions about a new topic.

Mateo Diaz-Magaloni: 
She is 18 years old and a senior at Palo Alto High School. She has written extensive research papers on issues related to social justice in Latin America and the United States. She has interned at a consulting firm in Berlin, Germany, for German anthropologists in Mexico, and for the Stanford Center on the Economy and Institutions of China lab. She helped write a scholarly paper for the lab.

Benjamin Fry: 
He is an 18-year-old student at Palo Alto High School. He is a Bay Area native and has lived in Fremont his entire life. For the past several years, he has written works primarily related to psychology, often involving adolescents and young adults. These topics range from gambling addiction to migration stress. He is currently conducting his own research project for a class that delves into the psychology of young adult gambling addicts.

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CDC reports higher prevalence of autism based on data from 11 US communities.

CDC reports higher prevalence of autism based on data from 11 US communities.
According to a CDC analysis, there is now a higher prevalence of autism based on data from 11 US communities.

One in 36 (2.8 percent) 8-year-old children has been identified with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), according to an analysis published last week in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ‒CDC, for its acronym in English‒.

The new findings are higher than the previous estimate from 2018 that found a prevalence of 1 in 44 — 2.3 percent. The data comes from 11 communities in the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (ADDM) and is not representative of the entire United States.

A second report on 4-year-olds in the same 11 communities highlights the impact of COVID-19 and shows disruptions in progress in early detection of autism. 

The study notes that in the early months of the pandemic, 4-year-olds were less likely to be screened for or identified with ASD than 8-year-olds were when they were the same age. This coincides with disruptions in childcare and health care services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

“Disruptions due to the pandemic in timely assessments of children and delays in connecting children to the services and supports they need could have lasting effects,” said Karen Remley, director of CDC’s National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. 

“The data in this report can help communities better understand how the pandemic impacted early identification of autism in young children and anticipate future needs as these children grow older,” she added.

Demographic changes among children identified with autism

The prevalence of ASD among Asian, African American, and Hispanic children was at least 30 percent higher in 2020 than in 2018, while among white children it was 14.6 percent higher than in 2018. 

For the first time, the percentage of Asian/Pacific Islander (3.3 percent), Hispanic (3.2 percent), and African American (2.9 percent) children identified with autism was higher than among white 8-year-olds (2.4 percent). This is the opposite of racial and ethnic differences seen in previous ADDM reports for 8-year-olds. However, these changes may reflect improved detection, awareness, and access to services among historically underserved groups.

Furthermore, the analysis notes that disparities due to concurrent intellectual disabilities have persisted, with a higher percentage of African-American children identified with autism and intellectual disabilities compared to white, Hispanic, Asian, or Pacific Islander children with autism. 

These differences, she said, could be partly related to access to services that diagnose and support children with autism.

Overall, the prevalence of autism within ADDM sites was nearly four times higher for boys than for girls. Still, this is the first ADDM report in which the prevalence of autism among 8-year-old girls has exceeded 1 percent.

Notably, the prevalence of autism in the 11 ADDM communities ranged from 1 in 43 (2.3 percent) in children in Maryland to 1 in 22 (4.5 percent) in California. 

Established in 2000, the ADDM Network is the only network that tracks the number and characteristics of children with autism and other developmental disabilities in multiple communities across the United States. It provides estimates of the prevalence and characteristics of autism among 8- and 4-year-old children in 11 communities in Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, Tennessee, Utah, and Wisconsin.

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Palo Alto police cite 15-year-old for bringing pellet gun to school

Palo Alto police cited a 15-year-old girl for bringing a pellet gun to school
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By Jeff Ballinger. Bay City News.

Palo Alto police have cited a 15-year-old Palo Alto High School student suspected of bringing a pellet gun to campus in December, police said Monday.

Officers responded Friday to a call at 11:28 a.m. from school administrators who said students had alerted them that the girl had posted images on social media of herself holding a firearm. 

Students also claimed the girl had brought the gun to campus months ago and let another student hold it while she was in the school bathroom.

An investigation found an image dated December 2022 of the girl holding a gun, which police said they believe could have been a BB gun that fires plastic pellets.

Authorities cited the student on suspicion of possessing a weapon on a school campus and released her to her family.

Police searched the student's home and did not locate the gun, which is now believed to be out of state in the custody of the relative who owned it, according to police.

Palo Alto police praised the students who reported what they had seen online, as well as others who cooperated and helped with the investigation.

Police urge anyone with information about the case to call their 24-hour dispatch center at (650) 329-2413. Anonymous tips can be emailed to paloalto@tipnow.org or sent via text or voicemail to (650) 383-8984.

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Infonavit adds new options for payment of credits from the US.

New options for payment of Infonavit credits from the US.
Mexicans will now have new options for paying Infonavit loans from the U.S.

The National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (Infonavit) in Mexico added Solopin to the network of remittance companies with which it has an alliance, to receive payment of loans from Mexicans living in the United States.

Thus, through the Infonavit Sin Fronteras Program, the Institute is now an ally of five remittance companies, bringing the total to around 6,000 branches in 43 states in the United States.

The Institute explained that, with Infonavit Sin Fronteras, the Institute assumes the cost of the commission for sending the funds to Mexico, whether to pay the credit of the holder, that of a family member, partner, or that of a third party. 

It should be noted that, from January 2019 to February 2023, Infonavit has received more than 516 million 336 thousand pesos in payments through this program, which translates into the payment of 10,338 loans. 

The Institute stated that it has assumed more than 10 million 468 thousand pesos in commissions, resources that represent savings for the accredited.

Please note that to make a payment for your loan or that of a family member or friend, Mexicans living in the United States can go to any of the participating remittance company branches with the 10-digit loan number and make the deposit. 

Or if you prefer, you can send the funds on the website or mobile application of one of the remittance companies that have these options available.

Those interested in learning all about Infonavit credits, procedures and services can do so through the site https://infonavitfacil.mx/

Infonavit is a social security institution of the Mexican State that aims to provide cheap and sufficient credit so that workers can access adequate housing and build assets. 

Since its creation in 1972, the organization has issued more than 12 million loans.

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From garbage to art, the contest that challenges children to transform waste

The "Art with Garbage 2023" contest challenges children to transform waste
Photo: rethinkwaste.org

“One man’s trash is another man’s treasure,” the saying goes. And RethinkWaste’s 2023 Art with Trash contest is now open, where students in grades 3-5 can create a work of art using materials that would otherwise have been thrown away or recycled. 

Each school year, RethinkWaste hosts the Spring Trash Art Contest, which is designed for students who attend schools located in the public waste management agency's service area.

To this end, students eligible to participate must be attending an elementary school in Belmont, Burlingame, East Palo Alto, Foster City, Hillsborough, Menlo Park, Redwood City, San Carlos, San Mateo, and unincorporated parts of San Mateo County and the West Bay Sanitary District.

This year there are two categories: Group Category for classes from 3rd to 5th grade and Individual Category for students from 3rd to 5th grade.

The "Art with Garbage 2023" contest challenges children to transform waste
Photo: rethinkwaste.org

So it's time to get your tools and creativity ready, as children who wish to participate can do so through different art mediums, including sculptures, collages and murals. 

It is important to note that at least 90 percent of the piece must be made of recyclable material or trash and must not exceed 3 x 3 feet in height. Also, keep in mind that the works must be delivered in person.

Submissions are due Friday, April 7 at 4:00 p.m. RethinkWaste's main office is on the second floor of the San Carlos Library, located at 610 Elm Street.

Winning artworks will be announced on Friday, April 14. All winners will be publicly recognized at the RethinkWaste Earth Day event on Saturday, April 29 at the Shoreway Environmental Center.

Interested parties must fill out a form, which is available at Spanish e English.

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Science fiction: a way of making visible the social problems of ethnic groups

For years, ethnic groups and the problems that afflict them have been rendered invisible, however science fiction has become a tool to bring them to everyone's attention.

The struggle of ethnic groups to be visible has crossed many borders and has managed to use a literary genre as an instrument of visibility, since its characteristics allow to show the impact that situations such as technological, scientific and social advances have on society.

Without a doubt, showing the reality of racial and ethnic groups is essential and literature is creating a bridge to disseminate it.

"These stories are starting to look at science fiction beyond the stereotype of traveling through space and conquering it and seeing it as something much more regional, localized and connecting with communities and how they're experiencing the world right now," said Ericka A. Hoagland, associate professor and coordinator of Graduate Studies, English and Creative Writing at Stephen F. Austin State University, at a press conference organized by Ethnic Media Services.

Hoagland discussed some science fiction stories that help make ethnic groups visible and recommended showing students that literature can provide great lessons, and that it is not only for white men, but that women and communities of color can also write and be successful in this genre.

"American science fiction in the mid-20th century was very exclusive and exclusionary, considering which authors were being published and promoted, and many women and people of color were not being promoted and took much longer to be able to write," she explained.

And due to various reasons such as discrimination, racism and the gender gap, the path of writers of color has been more complicated and to date, they still struggle to have more dissemination and support for their dissemination.

"I'm still learning how deep this diverse history of science fiction goes," he said.

In her turn, Libia Brenda, a writer, editor and translator who currently resides in Mexico City, pointed out that at least in Mexico and Latin America, although there are serious situations such as poverty, violence, murders and femicides, there are authors from other generations who influence literature, but also culture and the fact that they are colonized countries.

"In Mexico, when we imagine a future - especially young women - we try to imagine something based on hope, not an impossible world, but a world that is the product of change," she stressed.

She also pointed out the need to write things that focus on the different voices and origins that exist, avoiding ethnocentrism, that is, avoiding a single vision of the world.

For his part, Ken Liu, an American author of speculative fiction and winner of the Nebula, Hugo and World Fantasy awards, pointed out the need to "redefine" technology - understanding that it is a manifestation of human patterns in the world where there are cultural factors, capital and ideologies - through science fiction literature, to make it part of the construction of modernity and the future.

Isis Asare, CEO and founder of Sistah Scifi — the first Black-owned science fiction and fantasy bookstore in the United States — said, “As a queer woman of color in America, where there are so many limitations, science fiction is a place where you can ignore class and gender limitations and explore the world.

"Science fiction is about developing practices and exploring themes to re-imagine," she said, noting that in her experience, oppression is what limits imagination.

Finally, Samit Basu, an Indian novelist and filmmaker of science fiction, fantasy and superhero novels, children's books, graphic novels, short stories and non-fiction works, pointed out the importance of writing stories that consider the different filters of reality in which we are living.

"I live in a part of the world and I'm writing a book where I hope to capture everyday reality, even though everyone says it's a dystopia. And I realized that a dystopia is a function of distance, where my reality, for other people, can be seen as a complaint or a criticism," she said.

Science fiction is certainly capable of showing the multiplicity of cultures, characteristics, social problems and hopes of each region about which it is written.

This publication was supported in whole or part by funding provided by the State of California, administered by the California State Library.

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At least 39 migrants die after a fire in a temporary residence center in Ciudad Juárez

At least 39 migrants died after a fire in a temporary residence center in Ciudad Juárez
At least 39 migrants died after a fire at a temporary shelter in Ciudad Juarez. INM Commissioner Francisco Garduño Yañez visits local hospitals to check on the health of migrants hospitalized after the fire at the INM Temporary Shelter in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua. Photo: Twitter INM

At least 39 foreign migrants died on Monday after a fire that started shortly before 10:00 p.m. in the accommodation area of the Provisional Shelter in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.

In response, the National Migration Institute (INM) of the Mexican Ministry of the Interior stated that 68 adult men from Central and South America were being housed at the immigration headquarters.

Of these, 29 more foreign migrants were injured in the accident and were transferred in a "critical to serious" condition to four local hospitals for immediate care.

In light of this, the authorities reported that they have established communication and coordination with consular authorities from different countries to implement actions that allow for the full identification of deceased migrants.

In this regard, the INM expressed its willingness to assist in legal investigations in order to clarify the unfortunate events.

After regretting the death of these people, the INM also reported that a complaint was filed with the corresponding authorities to investigate what happened and, if necessary, proceed accordingly.

The immigration authority stated that it will closely monitor the progress of the health of those who are hospitalized and will provide all support to the families of the victims.

"The National Migration Institute strongly rejects the actions that led to this tragedy," INM said. 

Likewise, the Mexican immigration authority said that it had given notice to the National Commission for Human Rights (CNDH) to intervene in the legal proceedings and safeguard foreign persons.

For his part, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said during his morning press conference on Tuesday that the fire that killed 39 people was started by migrants protesting against deportation.

"This had to do with a protest that they started, we assume, when they found out that they were going to be deported, mobilized, and as a protest at the door of the shelter they put mats and set them on fire, and they did not imagine that this would cause this terrible disaster," López Obrador said.

From the National Palace, the Mexican president explained that what is known so far is that the majority of the deceased migrants are from Central America and some from Venezuela.

"We still don't know the names and nationality of those who lost their lives. It's very sad that this is happening," he added.

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Nashville school shooting leaves three children, three adults dead

Shooting at a Nashville school leaves three children and three adults dead
Photo: Twitter Metropolitan Nashville Police Department

A shooting at a school in Nashville, Tennessee has left at least 7 people dead this Monday morning.

The death toll from a shooting on March 27 at Covenant School in Nashville, Tennessee, is at least three children and three adults, police in that city reported at a press conference.

Metropolitan Nashville Police Department spokesman Don Aaron said the three students and three adults who were inside the school were "fatally wounded" by a 28-year-old woman, whose identity "has not been confirmed" at this time.

All three children were pronounced dead upon arrival at the hospital, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt told WTVF and WZTV.

The Nashville Fire Department said there were "multiple patients" in the hospital due to the incident.

Authorities said the alleged attacker was confronted by at least five police officers and is dead. 

The attacker was carrying at least two assault rifles and a handgun. Efforts are currently focused on identifying the woman who decided to commit these acts.

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Candida auris: the super resistant fungus that threatens US healthcare facilities.

Culture of a strain of Candida auris in a petri dish at the CDC.
Cultivation of a strain of Candida auris in a petri dish at the CDC.

The fungus Candida auris (C. auris) is now considered an urgent threat in the United States after it has spread at an alarming rate in healthcare facilities across the country, but above all, due to its high resistance to antifungals. 

According to data published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ‒CDC, for its acronym in English‒ is equally worrying the tripling in 2021 of the number of cases resistant to echinocandins, the most recommended antifungal drug for the treatment of Candida auris infections.

In general, this fungus is not a threat to healthy people, the CDC said in a statement. However, people who are very sick and have invasive medical devices or prolonged or frequent stays in health care facilities are at higher risk of contracting C. auris. 

CDC has designated C. auris as an urgent AR threat because it is often resistant to multiple antifungal drugs, spreads easily in healthcare settings, and can cause serious infections with high mortality rates.

"The rapid increase and geographic spread of cases is concerning and emphasizes the need for continued surveillance, expanded laboratory capacity, more rapid diagnostic testing, and adherence to proven infection prevention and control practices," said CDC epidemiologist Meghan Lyman, lead author of the paper.

C. auris has been widespread in the United States since it was first reported in 2016, with a total of 3,270 clinical cases—in which infection occurs—and 7,413 detected cases—in which the fungus is detected but does not cause infection—reported as of December 31, 2021. 

Clinical cases have increased each year since 2016, with the most rapid increase occurring during 2020-2021, while the CDC has continued to see an increase in case counts for 2022. 

During 2019-2021, 17 states identified their first case of C. auris. Nationwide, clinical cases increased from 476 in 2019 to 1,471 in 2021. Detection cases tripled from 2020 to 2021, for a total of 4,041. Detection is important to prevent the spread by identifying patients carrying the fungus so that infection prevention controls can be used.

C. auris case counts have increased for many reasons, including poor overall infection prevention and control practices in healthcare facilities, as well as increased case detection efforts.

The timing of this increase and findings from public health investigations suggest that the spread of C. auris may have worsened due to pressure on healthcare and public health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

CDC’s Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Network, which provides nationwide laboratory capacity to rapidly detect antimicrobial resistance and inform local responses to prevent spread and protect people, provided some of the data for the report. 

CDC said it has worked to significantly strengthen laboratory capacity, including at state, territorial and local health departments, through supplemental funding supported by the American Rescue Plan Act. 

Efforts include increasing C. auris susceptibility testing capacity from seven regional laboratories to more than 26 laboratories nationwide.

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Xavier López "Chabelo" dies at 88 years of age

Xavier López "Chabelo" dies at 88 years of age
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On the morning of March 25, 2023, one of Mexico's great comedians, Xavier López "Chabelo", passed away at the age of 88, victim of an abdominal condition.

This was reported by his family through their social networks.

"This is a very sad morning, Xavier López Chabelo, father, brother and husband, has left us suddenly, due to abdominal complications," can be read on the Twitter account @chabelooficial.

"With a broken heart and knowing that many people have loved him for many years and will feel his passing, we ask you to pray for his repose and to give us the opportunity to peacefully endure the mourning that our entire family is experiencing. López Miranda Family," they stressed.

The artistic, social, and political community, as well as the general public, have taken to social media to thank him for the good times of laughter he provided to millions of people over several generations.

Xavier López Rodríguez, or "Chabelo" as he was known in the media, was born on February 17, 1935 in Chicago, United States. Throughout his life he worked as an actor, television presenter, producer and Mexican comedian. 

His career began in the early 1950s as a child actor in Mexican films, and in 1959 he began his career in Mexican television with the program "Cepillín y Sus Amigos."

But it was not until 1968 when he became an icon of Mexican television with his children's game show, "En Familia con Chabelo," which aired for 48 years.

In addition, Chabelo participated in films, radio programs, commercials, and even produced. 

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